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Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
(CONICET)
Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Making (dis)abled pedestrians in Buenos Aires in the early 20th century
Fernández Romero, Francisco.
Royal Geographical Society Annual International Conference (with IBG), Newcastle (Virtual), 2022.
Dirección estable:
https://www.aacademica.org/fernandez.romero/28
Resumen
In the early 20th century, the city of Buenos Aires (Argentina) experienced a rapid growth in population, traffic, and size. This paper explores how policies linked to urban progress in this period produced a normatively bodied and normatively behaved pedestrian subject. Indeed, a series of material and regulatory interventions enabled mobility throughout the city for some, while not improving --or even restricting-- mobility for others.
On the one hand, as motorised vehicles came to dominate the city's landscape, transport-related infrastructure and legislation were modified to facilitate the flow of traffic. Many of these changes aimed to clearly separate pedestrian and vehicular spaces, both for safety and for efficiency. However, elements such as raised sidewalks or traffic lights presupposed a normatively walking and seeing subject.
Simultaneously, as the city's population grew and diversified, the local police force began passing and enforcing a series of low-level regulations to control urban life, especially in public spaces. None of these rules criminalised disability directly. However, some of them, together with the national Civil Code, allowed police to forcibly institutionalise certain disabled individuals for begging or for "disturbing the public peace".
Taken together, I suggest that these public policies contributed towards making a pedestrian subject that followed certain bodily, behavioural, and class standards. Pedestrians who fit into those normative standards had their mobilities cleared of obstacles; whereas other subjects were not taken into account or were even considered themselves to be hindrances in public space. Consequences of these ableist space-making practices still persist today.