Those studies nominated ethno- biological (either botanical or zoological) and ecological- require an anthropological approach, holistic and comparative focussing of the interactions between man and his natural environment. One way of researching these interactions is the observation and description of the activities performed in the domestic scope. This kind of studies, employed in two communities Mbyá-Guaraní in the Province of Misiones, Northeastern Argentina, allowed us to identify and to characterize locally recognized "illnesses" and the strategies employed to overcome them. In the frame of these investigations, we present an interdisciplinary research based on enteroparasitosis with the aim of exploring local conceptions about them and integrating these findings with the data provided by the associated disciplines. Firstly, the Mbyá conception about the origin of enteroparasitosis proposes the presence of a "mother parasite" in the human being since the moment of birth. In this contribution, the recorded species of parasites are presented. Among the Protozoa we detected the presence of Blastocystis hominis, Entamoeba coli, Endolimax nana, Giardia lamblia, Iodamoeba butschlii and Chilomastix mesnili. Among the helmints we observed Uncinarias, Strongyloides stercoralis, Hymenolepis nana, Ascaris lumbricoides, Enterobius vermicularis and Trichuris trichiura. It is estimated that locally only those species of helmints macroscopically visible are recognized. For each parasite the Mbyá people use specific therapeutic elements of vegetal origin, specially ka´a né (Chenopodium ambrosioides) and verbena (Verbena intermedia). In addition, we present other plant elements employed by the aboriginal communities inhabitants in the therapy of parasitosis and related diseases (diarrhoea and stomach ache) and their ways of administration. This research states the importance of local conceptions about parasitosis as a guideline for action. In this sense they should be taken into account in eventual prevention programs.