We analyze Michel Foucault?s question for the status of critique and its reflexive return over Foucault himself: How Foucault?s discourse, qua critique, should be understood? We will consider two paths: (i) the refusal of the notion of ideology, where the question is: How to think of critique without ideology and truth?; (ii) the Foucauldian recovery of the ?critical attitude? (in the texts on Kant?s answer to the question Was ist Aufklärung?) and of the problem of modernity, along the lines of a ?historical ontology of the present?. There is a crossroad of (i) and (ii), since the remarks on a ?politics of truth? (as opposite to an ?ideology critique? committed with an aseptic truth) reinforces mutually with the problem of the government, faced along the lines of an art of the ?voluntary inservitude?. In both cases, practice of criticism that subjectifies desubjugating, poses the question of liberty. Indexada em: Google Acadêmico; DOAJ; Sumários.org; Latindex; IBICT - SEER; Livre!; Scirus; Portal de Periódicos da CAPES; ULRICHS; vLex. http://www.periodicos.ufsc.br/index.php/cadernosdepesquisa/about/editorialPolicies#custom-0