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Of spirituality as an epistemic-existential experience involving the truth as a paradox in Sören Kierkegaard, the sacred in Rudolf Otto and the spiritual presence in Paul Tillich
Mariano da Rosa, Luiz Carlos.
Problemata - Revista Internacional de Filosofia, ISSN 2236-8612, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia, UFPB - Universidade Federal da Paraíba (João Pessoa, Paraíba/PB, Brasil), vol. 13, núm. 3, 2022, pp. 61-84.

Resumen
According to Kierkegaard, truth is superimposed on the objective character that encompasses historical investigation and speculative exercise, dialoguing with subjectivity and the limit-condition of interiority. Focusing on such existential-hermeneutic principle, the article points out spirituality as an epistemic-existential experience involving truth as a paradox in Kierkegaard, that overlaps the logical-discursive mediation and implies a dialectical-subjective construction that transcends reason historical-objective. Thus, characterizing spirituality as an epistemic-existential experience that contains non-rational evidence, the article resorts to Rudolf Otto's phenomenology to underline the sacred and its absolute distinction from natural reality and its perceptible character, emphasizing the non-rational element and its supra-rational nature in the numinous, which escapes logical-rational processes and converges to the apprehension of the rational and the non-rational in the notion of Divinity. Therefore, if the relationship with God overlaps subjectivity and objectivity and overcomes the aforementioned epistemic structural scheme, the article, based on the philosophical theology of Paul Tillich, focuses on the concept of Spiritual Presence and on life without ambiguity, which implies the union transcendent and correlates agape and gnosis in an ecstatic-religious movement that encompasses the self-manifestation, self-revelation and self-communication of the Absolute and Transcendent.
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