During the last decades, the impact of post-neoliberal era and the irruption of neo-extractivism in territories South has brought a gorge of damage in the area infringed by the power of megaprojects dedicated to the extraction of resources condemned by the model dominant development. In that direction, from a doctrinal theoretical model, this article seeks to review the route and importance of the regional adoption of Escazu Agreement for the States of Latin America and the Caribbean, especially, what it implies for indigenous peoples and environmental defenders their long-awaited ratification. From what has been said, it is not surprising that in a region marked by strong inequalities and defined by structural flaws, the erosive effects caused by extraction mega-corporations in indigenous territories provoke the destruction of environment and indiscriminate murders of the appointed Guardians of the Earth. The foregoing, without a doubt, demonstrates the weak legislation and institutions of the State in matters of environmental protection. Faced with this, the region's efforts to eradicate this problem have led to the implementation of the Regional Agreement on Access to Information, Public Participation and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters. Instrument that, among other supreme lines, not only intends to break the privileged place of powerful and to empower environmental democracy; but also, despite its turbulent journey in endorsing it, it is the tip of the spear to challenge the tremors of global capitalism in indigenous territory.