El trabajo es parte de una investigación que indaga el recorrido formativo y profesional de los primeros psicólogos a partir del estudio de su inserción en el campo de la salud materno-infantil entre 1960 y 1980. Desde una perspectiva historiográfica crítica, el trabajo se centra en el campo de la psicoprofilaxis obstétrica, que tuvo su desarrollo más importante durante la década del sesenta. Se trató de un conjunto de nociones y prácticas desplegado en un contexto sociocultural que planteaba nuevas formas de experimentar el embarazo y el parto. El trabajo analiza las actas del Primer Congreso Argentino de Psicoprofilaxis Obstétrica, que contó con la participación de obstetras, pediatras, psicólogos, antropólogos. Las contribuciones al congreso se analizan a partir de cuatro ejes: aspectos teóricos, experiencias en hospitales, aportes de la psicología y rol del varón en el embarazo y parto. Se concluye que, hacia comienzos de los años setenta, el campo de la psicoprofilaxis obstétrica mostraba un gran desarrollo a partir de múltiples experiencias en instituciones de salud pública. Dichas experiencias proponían abordajes interdisciplinarios orientados a desarrollar un enfoque biopsicosocial de la mujer embarazada. Palabras clave Historia - Psicología - Medicina - Maternidad ABSTRACT THE FIRST ARGENTINE CONGRESS OF OBSTETRIC PSYCHOPROPHYLAXIS (1971): ANALYSIS OF A FIELD IN CONSOLIDATION This work is part of a broader investigation about the formative and professional path of the first psychology professionals graduated from the University of Buenos Aires and La Plata and their work on maternal and child care between the 1960s and 1980s. From a critical historiographical perspective, the work focuses on the obstetric psychoprophylaxis, which had its most important development during the sixties. It was a set of notions and practices deployed in a sociocultural context that proposed new ways of experiencing pregnancy and childbirth. The work analyzes the proceedings of the First Argentine Congress of Obstetric Psychoprophylaxis, which was held at the end of 1971 and had the participation of obstetricians, pediatricians, psychologists, anthropologists, among others. The contributions to the congress are analyzed from four axes: theoretical aspects (psychology of pregnancy and childbirth), experiences in hospitals, contributions of psychology to obstetric psychoprophylaxis and role of men in pregnancy and childbirth. It is concluded that, towards the beginning of the seventies, obstetric psychoprophylaxis showed a great development from multiple experiences in public health institutions. These experiences proposed interdisciplinary approaches aimed at developing a biopsychosocial approach to pregnant women, which included the contribution of psychological knowledge and considered mental health as a decisive component in the course of pregnancy and childbirth. Keywords History - Psychology - Medicine - Motherhood