“Dado el aumento de casos de depresión en adolescentes y niños, es conveniente realizar una revisión del concepto de autoestima, que ha sido confundido en los últimos tiempos con lo que nosotros denominamos “pseudoautoestima”. A su vez, es importante a la hora de realizar un plan pedagógico preventivo, detectar los factores asociados al desarrollo de una sana autoestima a fin de que los agentes educativos contribuyan eficazmente en su despliegue”. Palabras clave Autoestima Depresión Plan pedagógico Estilo explicativo ABSTRACT THE SELF-ESTEEM. A BOARDING COMPREHENSIVO. HIS RELATION WITH ASSOCIATE FACTORS: OPTIMISM VERSUS PESSIMISM; EMOTIONAL DEFICIT, AUTOCONTROL AND AUTOACCEPTANCE In view of the increase of cases of depression in teenagers and children, it is suitable to realize a review of the concept of autoesteem, which has been confused in the last times with what we name “pseudoautoestima”. In turn, it is important at the moment of realizing a pedagogic preventive plan, detecting the factors associated with the development of a healthy autoesteem so that the educational agents contribute effectively in its unfolding Key words Autoesteem Depression Pedagogic plan Explanatory style