Los conceptos de autonomía e inclusión son fundamentales al abordar el tema de la discapacidad. Aunque estos conceptos pueden parecer intrínsecos para los profesionales de la salud, su relación no ha sido siempre evidente, sino que ha evolucionado a lo largo de la historia. La revisión del desarrollo teórico y conceptual en torno a la discapacidad, demuestra esta evolución significativa, la cual trae aparejadas representaciones sociales y, por consiguiente, distintas acciones sociales y profesionales vinculadas. Es con el objetivo de dilucidar las distintas concepciones de la discapacidad a lo largo del tiempo, las implicancias sociales y profesionales derivadas, que se presenta este escrito. Pensada de este modo, la discapacidad no constituye un hecho objetivo y natural, sino que se trata de una construcción social, inscripta en un contexto socio histórico y político situado, con objetivos y necesidades específicas. Como tal, se encuentra atravesada por diferentes teorías y discursos, resultado de consensos. Palabras clave Discapacidad - Salud mental - Autonomia ABSTRACT A HISTORICAL LOOK ON DISABILITY: TOWARDS THE CONCEPTS OF AUTONOMY AND ACCESSIBILITY The concepts of autonomy and inclusion are fundamental when addressing the issue of disability. Although these concepts may seem intrinsic to health professionals, their relationship has not always been evident, but has evolved throughout history. The review of the theoretical and conceptual development around disability demonstrates this significant evolution, which brings with it social representations and, consequently, different linked social and professional actions. It is with the objective of elucidating the different conceptions of disability over time, and the resulting social and professional implications, that this paper is presented. This objective becomes relevant in light of understanding, as Cenacchi (2019) proposes, “that discourses construct objects and influence the response patterns that are derived or implied in them. It is therefore necessary to deconstruct the inherited concepts about the group of people with disabilities, to enable critical reflection on their explicit and/or implicit validity in current educational contexts and their implications.” Thought of in this way, disability does not constitute an objective and natural fact, but rather a social construction, inscribed in a situated socio-historical and political context, with specific objectives and needs. As such, it is crossed by different theories and discourses, the result of consensus. Keywords Disability - Mental health - Autonomy